Then there is this beautiful sentence that makes so much sense : I mean understanding all these connections before PBR is just brilliant. in this discussion of lighting for synthetic cinema we will find that many live-action concepts apply. The commonality between live-action lighting and computer lighting is chiefly the thought process. I just love how back in 1996 Sharon Calahan had already understood so many concepts : In a movie production, we are so camera dependent : animation, lighting, set dressing… We rely completely on the framing. My teachers have always told me : composition is the most difficult part of an image. Yes ! Gestalt theory is not exactly about lighting. Most of it is not noticeable on a conscious level to the viewer, but adds depth and richness to the story and the visual experience. Visual storytelling is a vast topic that reaches far beyond the realm of lighting. Yes ! CG do have special needs that have to be accounted for. The part from Sharon Calahan starts in a great way :Īlthough much of the content of this course is not solely applicable to lighting on the computer, its special needs are always in mind. Storytelling through lighting Calahan Introduction Many artists actually do not know about its existence. The Siggraph 2019 course from Dave Walvoord mentions some concepts clearly coming from Gestalt… But without mentioning even once the name of the theory itself. So in this chapter I am going to read through this course, list the Gestalt principles and add some movie examples to make them even clearer. I guess that during the presentation there were more images, but unfortunately they are not many available in the pdf. There is one thing missing though : examples from movies, comics or paintings to illustrate her notes. So all this stuff is pretty irrelevant.īut all the Gestalt Principles described by Ms Calahan are still valid. Back in 1996, there was no GI, so you had to fake most of the lighting. Obviously all the technical parts are completely outdated. I decided to read the course and see what would come out of it. ![]() The course notes are available online here and are as pertinent today as they were in 1996. In the interview reference is made to Ms Calahan’s contribution to the 1996 SIGGRAPH session “Pixel Cinematography”. More Gestalt connectionsįunnily enough, I recently realized that Craig Welsh also mentioned this course in his blog in 2014 : It is pretty clear that all these concepts were used massively at Pixar. This Siggraph talk was done four years before the short film For the birds. I guess you already know what is the main topic of this course : Gestalt Theory ! I could not believe my eyes ! Pixar talking about Gestalt Theory. It is a note from the 1996 SIGGRAPH session where Sharon Calahan talks about lighting principles : “ Cool ! Let’s see what Pixar had to say about Cinematography back in 1996 !” Thirteen years later, I was doing some research for my book and I found about the Pixel Cinematography course. A more accurate term overall would be “principles of perceptual organization.” Gestalt and Pixar Wikipedia uses the term “Gestalt Psychology” probably because the Gestalt principles exposed in the early 20th century were then taken up by psychoanalysts and theorized into a new form of therapy (the Gestalt Therapy). If only I could have connected the dots, I would have realized that this Pixar short film was using Gestalt Theory on almost every shot. Anyway, after graduating, I forgot about Gestalt and went on with my career. To be honest, I was discovering Maya at the same time and I felt so overwhelmed by the amount of data to process that I kinda lost track of my main purpose : making great pictures. Mostly technical stuff.Īs a student this example can be unsettling. As students we would much more focus on displacement maps and area lights. And the theory seemed a bit old-fashioned. He mainly described it as a theory of the shapes.īack then I did not realize its importance because I was so worried about specular values or if I should use a Blinn or a Phong material. During my two years of study with him, he mentioned the concept a lot. Gestalt at schoolīack in 2006, I had a teacher at Supinfocom, called Marc Bigeast, who was very interested by Gestalt Theory. And knowing about these principles can be very helpful. But my job is very dependent of the framing of a shot. ![]() Artists working in layout and set dressing would certainly know better. This theory is more about composition anyway. Unfortunately I do not have many personal lighting examples about Gestalt. ![]() ![]() Actually you never hear it in the lighting department. Gestalt is not a term you will hear a lot in a studio. It took me around fifteen years to get a proper look at this topic. I am going to detail here my personal journey through Gestalt Theory. Simplicity principle (Pragnanz or Good Figure).
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![]() Pepper, a plastic robot about the size of a toddler and with big eyes, is proficient in small talk, invites people to dance and jokes around. Paro, a digitally enhanced plush toy in the shape of a baby seal, reacts to being stroked and hugged and, as studies show, improves the well-being of patients. The robots Paro and Pepper are already doing such jobs in some special care homes. They can be used in psychotherapy or in elderly care where emotions have to be detected and positive emotions should be elicited. Second, EAI systems open up new operational fields. People tend to work better with a machine that recognizes and simulates emotions that are part of a sympathetic relationship, such as a smile or a word to express joy or gratitude-whether it is a chatbot, a museum guide or a co-worker. First, they help improve human–machine interaction: of course, it helps when the AI systems do not evoke fear, discomfort or similar feelings. Footnote 1ĮAI systems are, on the one hand, welcome for at least two reasons. ![]() I call such systems “emotionalized AI systems” (EAI). That is, they are designed and trained to elicit emotions in humans, to recognize human emotions and, sometimes, to simulate emotions. At the same time, AI-products are increasingly endowed with emotional characteristics. ![]() Examples include workers in factories and extend to personal voice assistants such as Siri or Alexa and to robots that do caretaker work. Interactions between humans and machines that include artificial intelligence are increasingly common in nearly all areas of life. To do so, I discuss three arguments: the argument from self-deception, the argument from lack of mutuality, and the argument from moral negligence. In this paper, I want to tackle these worries by focusing on the last aspect: in what sense could it be problematic or even wrong to establish an emotional relationship with EAI-systems? I want to show that the justifications for the widespread intuition concerning the problems are not as strong as they seem at first sight. There is a rather strong intuition that there is something wrong about getting attached to a machine, about having certain emotions towards it, and about getting involved in a kind of affective relationship with it. The introduction of such systems in our lives is met with some criticism. That is, they are designed and trained to elicit emotions in humans, to recognize human emotions and, sometimes, to simulate emotions (EAI). Meanwhile, AI-products are increasingly endowed with emotional characteristics. ![]() ![]() Here the iPhone interface is replicated onto your PC. The main function of an emulator is to replicate the user interface of one system onto another. Download PUBG Mobile for Mac PCġ. Since PUBG mobile is available in the Apple App store as well, an iOS emulator can be used to download this app. PUBG will be downloaded and installed on your emulator. Get the latest version of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) for Windows, Mac, Solaris, and Linux. PUBG Mobile app will instantly appear as a search result.Ħ. Click on the Install button next to the app. After installing Java, you will need to enable Java in your browser. The process is simple and only requires email verification.ĥ. Once inside the store, search for PUBG mobile on the search tab at the top of the window. You can also create a new Google ID and register for an account. If you have an existing account, you can log in to that account. Locate the Google Play Store icon on the home page of the emulator and open it.Ĥ. Since you are accessing the store for the first time from your PC, you will be directed to a log in screen. The macOS release of OBS Studio supports macOS 11.0 and newer. ![]() Version: 30.0.2 Released: December 11th Download Installer Download via Bittorrent Download Zip View on GitHub Previous Releases. The user interface of the emulator should resemble that of an Android smartphone. The Windows release of OBS Studio supports Windows 10 and 11. Nox Player is a good alternative.ģ. After downloading and installing the emulator, launch it. Subsequently, you can use any other emulator of your choice. It is widely used for downloading smartphone apps, especially for gaming, and is reliable. 1. As PUBG is available in the Google Play Store as an Android application, you can use an Android emulator to download this game on your PC.Ģ. The recommended Android emulator is BlueStacks. Our platform is based on GPS, and our servers are connected to the 27 earth-orbiting satellites. Don’t give up hope if you can’t find your phone! We’re here to give you a fast, precise, and unique location service for free. It can also be used as a parental control asset to watch over your children and make sure they are where they’re supposed to be. We have built a modern and simplified location interface platform that will help you track and find the location of your lost or stolen phone. If you need to find out how to locate a phone number, you’ve come to the right place. Especially when important aspects of our lives are within that little device. We know how precious phones are in today’s modern society, and losing one can be a very painful experience. Especially in some critical situations when precision and rapidity are required. Some applications offer security functionalities to enhance your phone’s protection, but we cannot sincerely say that they are very efficient. This high-use frequency increases the risks of losing our phone and with it all our personal information. We use them every day for social and practical purposes. If you set your home or work addresses, and Google estimates that you’re at home or work, then the exact address will be used for your search.Smartphones have become vital tools in our daily lives. Precise location means exactly where you are, such as a particular address. If you grant location permissions to or Google apps on your device, then when you search, your precise location will be used by Google to show you the best search results. The estimated general area comes from the location sources described in this article. This means that a general area is typically much larger than 1 sq mi outside of cities. Estimating the general area that you’re in means that Google can give you relevant results, and keep your account safe by detecting unusual activity, such as signing in from a new city.Ī general area is larger than 1 sq mi, and has at least 1000 users so that the general area of your search does not identify you, helping to protect your privacy. When you search on Google, Google will always estimate the general area that you’re searching from. ![]() If your previous activity was used to help get your search results, the location information at the bottom of the search results page will say "Based on your past activity." The IP address of your Internet connection Learn more about how to search and browse privately. If you turn off Search customization , Google won't use previous searches to estimate your location. If you’re not signed in to your Google Account, Google may store some location information for previous searches from the device you’re using to help provide more relevant results and recommendations. Learn how to view & control activity on your account. You can view and control your Web & App Activity, at. For example, if you search for coffee shops in Chelsea and then nail salon, Google might show nail salons in Chelsea. In some cases, areas that you have searched for in the past may be used to estimate a relevant location for your search. A precise location can be stored in your activity if your activity involves a precise location. Some items from your activity may include the general area you were in at the time. If you’re signed in to your Google Account and have Web & App Activity turned on, your activity on Google sites, apps, and services may be saved in your Google Account. ![]() Your home or work address, from your Google Account This location is stored in a cookie set to expire after 6 hours. To give you search results quickly, might use your device's location from the last time you used Google. ![]() Important: It can sometimes take a long time for your browser to get your current device location. If your device location was used to help get your search results, the location information at the bottom of the search results page will say From your device. Depending on your device, you can usually turn location on or off for individual apps & websites and for your device itself. For example, some searches that rely more on precisely where you are, like coffee shop, bus stop or atm, will usually give more helpful results with location permissions turned on.įollowing the steps above, you can manage your device-based location settings to choose if location is available when you search. This kind of precise location is useful in apps, like Google Maps to give directions or help you get useful nearby search results. Many devices, like phones or computers, can work out their precise location. ![]() LdrLoadDll Stub - This is similar to the Standard injection technique except it goes 1 level deeper into LoadLibrary. It uses CreateRemoteThread and LoadLibrary and is the most reliable injection technique. Standard - This is the injection technique used in nearly every injector out there. This version of the injector introduces 2 new injection techniques. Click Inject and enjoy! (or wait for the process to start and let it auto-inject if you ticked auto-inject) (Note) If you are injecting into Combat Arms, make sure to tick Auto-Inject and start the game. ![]() Everything should be straight forward (do not mess around with Advanced settings unless you know what you are doing). Go into Settings and customise the settings to your liking. You can disable/enable which DLLs to inject so you can keep your favourite DLLs without needing to find them each time. You can also drag and drop them into the DLL list. Add the DLLs you want by clicking on the Add DLL button. (Note) If you are injecting into Combat Arms, make sure to type in Engine.exe If you want to target a specific process or select by window name, use the Select button. ![]() Type in a process name into the box (including the extension). (optional) Click Settings and then Start in Secure Mode to avoid Anti-Cheat detection of the injector itself. Execute exported functions after injection Automatic Visual C++ depedency installer Mutiple injection methods (Standard, LdrLoadDll Stub, LdrpLoadDll Stub, Thread Hijacking and Manual Map) DLL Scrambling (scrambles DLLs on injection to make hacks harder to detect and make detected hacks work again) Multi-DLL injection (with options to enable/disable DLLs to inject) DonateīTC: 14AtBjcJ8fidmWwaaqC2QFSQjESXTLX5n4 Extreme Injector v3.7.3 To report any bugs or issues with the injector, please create an Issue on Github or report it on the appropriate forum. You can verify this by checking the digital signatures of each DLL within each ZIP file by checking Properties > Digital Signatures > Details. This repository contains the dependencies for Visual C++ Runtime (Debug) along with other basic files necessary for version checking support.Īll Visual C++ depedencies are digitally signed by Microsoft and have not been tampered with in any way. When you use Cocreator, we apply content filtering to prevent the generation of images that may be harmful, offensive, or inappropriate. Microsoft is committed to responsible AI practices and ethical use of technology. You will receive 50 credits to create images when you join Cocreator. You can see how many credits you have left on the bottom right corner of the Cocreator pane. ![]() Each time you generate an image, you spend one credit. Cocreator creditsĬredits are the currency that you use to generate images with Cocreator. Signing in with your Microsoft account also allows you to access your credits, which are needed to generate images with DALL-E. Cocreator uses a cloud-based service that requires authentication and authorization. Yellow yellow well well weight weight U.S U.Important: To use Cocreator, you need to sign in with your Microsoft account. ![]() Yellow yellow Way Way water water want want using using dotted dotted turns turns turn turn through through dead dead textures textures texture texture swaying swaying straight straight stop stop still still dark dark softly softly Danger Danger curved curved curve curve safe safe crosses crosses representing representing red red reached reached question question proud proud pointing pointing place place passes passes Pakistan Pakistan page page connects connects ourselves ourselves ourself ourself comes comes opened opened come come anymore anymore new new needing needing need need memories memories marks marks Lost Lost making making along along living living changes changes carrys carrys like like came came land land keeps keeps behid behid began began because because Intil Intil Instead Instead back back home home happily happily going going goes goes goal goal follows follows feel feel around around drifts drifts colors colors leave leave maks maks over over represents represents Two Two three three splits splits other other One One now now clear clear shows shows jaged jaged end end lines lines sharp sharp jagged jagged journey journey hope hope soft soft line line Addiction Art Tighten sagging skin tighten sagging skin sagging sagging restore plumpness restore plumpness remove jowels remove jowels reduce wrinkles reduce wrinkles reduce fat reduce fat old old loose loose lines lines eliminate double chin eliminate double chin drooping drooping crows feet crows feet aged aged young young toning toning tightening tightening smooth smooth skin skin neck neck lips lips lift lift jawline jawline forehead forehead firm firm facial muscles facial muscles facial exercise facial exercise face lift alternative face lift alternative face exercise face exercise eyes eyes eyelids eyelids eyebrows eyebrows elastin elastin collagen collagen chin chin cheek cheek yotox yotox results results programme programme neck lift neck lift happy face happy face fresh face fresh face facial yoga facial yoga facial exercises facial exercises facercise facercise facelift without surgery facelift without surgery face workout face workout face fitness face fitness face exercises face exercises before&after before&after non-surgical facelift non-surgical facelift glow glow cosmetic cosmetic youthful youthful Natural Facelift Natural Facelift Face Yoga Training Face Yoga Training Danielle Collins Danielle Collins Study Skills ![]() Went went began began thought thought much much Hatter Hatter Mouse Mouse came came same same seemed seemed three three White White upon upon away away know know course course found found other other head head King King large large day day March March put put first first without without Turtle Turtle right right while while added added only only Caterpillar Caterpillar Hare Hare next next before before said said eyes eyes looking looking back back Mock Mock tone tone any any things things took took long long voice voice felt felt Duchess Duchess over over tell tell just just great great after after Dormouse Dormouse rather rather looked looked some some going going see see again again make make one one time time about about soon soon Gryphon Gryphon Cat Cat nothing nothing here here round round last last heard heard Oh Oh Queen Queen replied replied way way never never go go dear dear think think herself herself now now all all made made say say thing thing Alice Alice good good more more door door come come look look like like quite quite little little poor poor Rabbit Rabbit two two moment moment once once well well ![]() They started as a wholesale business but opened their retail store in Walker’s Point in 2014. Since 2011, Purple Door has taken Milwaukee by storm with its inventive ice cream flavors created with local ingredients, whenever possible. Purple Door – Chris, Construction Estimator If you’ve driven by but haven’t stopped in, it’s time to try out MooSa’s…and be on the lookout for Paul! Although they offer great food choices like burgers and wings, Paul’s favorite menu item is the soft-serve chocolate custard served in a waffle cone. The custard stand is run by experienced restauranteurs, the Musa family, who also own Casablanca on Brady Street and in Brookfield, as well as a second MooSa’s location on 27 th and St. But it’s not just the location that’s fabulous. MooSa’s Custard is the latest iteration of the charming custard stand along Milwaukee’s beautiful lakefront, just south of Bradford Beach. MooSa’s Custard Stand (Formerly North Point Custard) – Paul, Project Manager But the flavor of the day doesn’t concern Randy because he goes to Kopp’s for their incredible Turtle Sundae! True aficionados sign up for the “Flavor Alerts” to let them know when their favorite flavors will be on the menu. Each month they feature a shake and a sundae, and they publish their “Flavor Preview” online. According to Randy, if you want the best frozen custard in town, stop into one of Kopp’s three locations in Brookfield, Greenfield, or Greendale. In fact, Karl owns Elsa’s on the Park as well and named the restaurant after his mother. ![]() Kopps Frozen Custard was founded by Elsa Kopp in 1950 and is currently owned by her son, Karl Kopp. Read on…and start planning your next ice cream run! Kopps Frozen Custard - Randy, Project Manager We asked our Wimmer Construction Team where they like to go for ice cream and what their favorite flavor or menu item is. Milwaukee is known for its incredible ice cream and frozen custard. There are so many local favorites that it’s truly difficult to decide where to go for that special treat! We’ve made it easy for you. 9, it will serve “Malted Peanut Butter Pleasure” instead, along with the originally-planned “Caramel Cashew.“You can’t buy happiness, but you can buy ice cream and that is pretty much the same thing.” Kopp’s removed “Hey Cupcake” from the flavor forecast. It was never our intention to get political and appear as though we have taken a side in this ongoing debate,” the statement read. “ was an oversight on our part and an honest mistake. ![]() 3, Kopp’s released a statement apologizing for “linking ‘National Pro-Life Cupcake Day’ with long-running flavor ‘Hey Cupcake.’” The website said “Cupcakes for Life founded the day as a positive way to discuss pro-life awareness." “National Pro-Life Cupcake Day” marks a day where people who are anti-abortion bake cupcakes to honor “those not yet born” and to start a conversation about abortion, according to National Day Calendar. That flyer has since been replaced and the section does not include “National Pro-Life Cupcake Day.” 9, which is “National Pro-Life Cupcake Day.” Kopp’s included the day in its flavor preview, under a special section that read “HAVE FUN WITH THESE CELEBRATED NATIONAL SPECIAL DAYS IN OCTOBER.” Originally, “Hey Cupcake” was set to scoop Oct. Included, originally, was a “Hey Cupcake” flavor, featuring vanilla custard, yellow cake, fudge and rainbow mini chips. The Wisconsin custard company released its October flavors Saturday. MILWAUKEE - Kopp’s Frozen Custard said it made a “mistake” when it dished out politics in October’s flavor forecast. ![]() If the drowsy drop-off doesn’t work just yet, keep trying! The goal is to put your baby down when she’s drowsy but not yet asleep, so she has a chance to learn how to fall asleep without help from you. ![]() Keep an eye out for cues that your baby is tired, like eye-rubbing, yawning or crankiness. Try to adjust your baby’s sleep schedule accordingly, sticking to her natural rhythms as much as possible. When it comes to implementing routines, your baby may prefer things highly planned or more go-with-the-flow. For example, newborns are only truly awake and alert for about three minutes of every hour, 1-month-olds for about an hour at a time and 3-month-olds for up to two hours at a stretch. Become familiar with your baby's sleep patterns and "wake windows." Keep a sleep log to get an idea of when your baby usually sleeps so you can schedule naps and bedtime accordingly, and keep track of her "wake windows," or the amounts of time babies can handle being awake, which vary by age.Newborn babies can’t follow a sleep schedule, but it’s possible to implement a loose eating and sleep timetable once your baby is 2 months old based on her personality and snoozing habits. The following tips can help ease your baby into a regular sleep schedule: 10–12-month-old sleep schedule Tips for how to get baby on a sleep schedule.Here are some more detailed sample sleep schedules for babies between the ages of 2 months and 10–12 months: Keep in mind that if your newborn doesn’t wake on her own during the night, you’ll need to wake your baby to eat every two to three hours. Be sure to check with your pediatrician about when it's okay to let your baby consistently sleep for four or more hours at a time. Your baby will sleep for two to three hours at a time, then gradually three to four hours at a stretch. That means you can’t expect to put your infant on a newborn sleep schedule just yet.Įxpect your newborn to sleep between 14 and 17 hours (give or take) over a 24-hour period. Since your newborn spent the last nine months in the cozy confines of your dark womb, she won’t understand when it’s daytime or nighttime for the first few weeks of life. Take baby’s 2-month-old baby milestone photo.Can you put a newborn on a sleep schedule?.This is a great way to bond and calm baby down. Does baby seem cranky? Try giving them a gentle massage to encourage relaxation.Your little one is obviously still quite young, but getting them comfortable with tummy time will help them gain strength and foster skills that will eventually encourage rolling and crawling. Keep giving baby regular tummy time to work those neck and arm muscles.These important vaccines keep baby healthy talk to your doctor if you’re concerned about anything. ![]() Baby may also need a second dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine, if they didn’t get it last month. ![]() Check baby’s vaccine schedule the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the pneumococcal (PCV13), DTaP, Hib, poliovirus and Rotavirus immunizations at the two-month visit.If you haven't already, ask the doctor about supplementing with vitamin D drops if you’re breastfeeding.Take baby to their two-month checkup and ask about the important 2-month baby milestones.Here’s lots of info on treating coughing in babies. In a 2-month-old baby, coughing could be caused by a number of things, including the common cold. On the other hand, if your 2-month-old has diarrhea, it will be runny, watery or more frequent than usual. If your 2-month-old is constipated, the poop will come out in hard balls. Instead of frequency, look out for consistency (ah, the joys of parenthood!). Some breastfed babies poop with every feeding, while some might not poop for a day or more. How often should a 2-month-old poop? Well, it’s complicated! If baby is formula-fed, they generally poop at least once a day, although it can be more or less than that. However, it’s much more common for this to occur closer to the four- to six-month mark. Can a 2-month-old teeth? Yes, actually! There’s a super-wide age range in which babies can start teething, and it’s not impossible. ![]() In the tetrahedron each edge is trisected, and each of the new vertices connected to a face center. In the cube each face is bisected by a slanted edge. Ībstractions sharing the solid's topology and symmetry can be created from the cube and the tetrahedron. The mineral cobaltite can have this symmetry form. The name tetartoid comes from the Greek root for one-fourth because it has one fourth of full octahedral symmetry, and half of pyritohedral symmetry. However, the pentagons are not regular and the figure has no fivefold symmetry axes.Īlthough regular dodecahedra do not exist in crystals, the tetartoid form does. Like the regular dodecahedron, it has twelve identical pentagonal faces, with three meeting in each of the 20 vertices. Self-intersecting equilateral dodecahedronĪ tetartoid (also tetragonal pentagonal dodecahedron, pentagon-tritetrahedron, and tetrahedric pentagon dodecahedron) is a dodecahedron with chiral tetrahedral symmetry (T). ![]() Ī cube can be divided into a pyritohedron by bisecting all the edges, and faces in alternate directions.Ī regular dodecahedron is an intermediate case with equal edge lengths.Ī rhombic dodecahedron is a degenerate case with the 6 crossedges reduced to length zero. The concave equilateral dodecahedron, called an endo-dodecahedron. Regular star, great stellated dodecahedron, with regular pentagram faces The ratio shown is that of edge lengths, namely those in a set of 24 (touching cube vertices) to those in a set of 6 (corresponding to cube faces). Versions with equal absolute values and opposing signs form a honeycomb together. On the other side, past the rhombic dodecahedron, we get a nonconvex equilateral dodecahedron with fish-shaped self-intersecting equilateral pentagonal faces. ![]() Continuing from there in that direction, we pass through a degenerate case where twelve vertices coincide in the centre, and on to the regular great stellated dodecahedron where all edges and angles are equal again, and the faces have been distorted into regular pentagrams. The endo-dodecahedron is concave and equilateral it can tessellate space with the convex regular dodecahedron. It is possible to go past these limiting cases, creating concave or nonconvex pyritohedra. The regular dodecahedron represents a special intermediate case where all edges and angles are equal. The pyritohedron has a geometric degree of freedom with limiting cases of a cubic convex hull at one limit of collinear edges, and a rhombic dodecahedron as the other limit as 6 edges are degenerated to length zero. Honeycomb of alternating convex and concave pyritohedra with heights between ± 1 / φ The convex regular dodecahedron is one of the five regular Platonic solids and can be represented by its Schläfli symbol While the regular dodecahedron shares many features with other Platonic solids, one unique property of it is that one can start at a corner of the surface and draw an infinite number of straight lines across the figure that return to the original point without crossing over any other corner. The elongated dodecahedron and trapezo-rhombic dodecahedron variations, along with the rhombic dodecahedra, are space-filling. The rhombic dodecahedron can be seen as a limiting case of the pyritohedron, and it has octahedral symmetry. The pyritohedron, a common crystal form in pyrite, has pyritohedral symmetry, while the tetartoid has tetrahedral symmetry. Some dodecahedra have the same combinatorial structure as the regular dodecahedron (in terms of the graph formed by its vertices and edges), but their pentagonal faces are not regular: All of these have icosahedral symmetry, order 120. There are also three regular star dodecahedra, which are constructed as stellations of the convex form. The most familiar dodecahedron is the regular dodecahedron with regular pentagons as faces, which is a Platonic solid. In geometry, a dodecahedron (from Ancient Greek δωδεκάεδρον ( dōdekáedron) from δώδεκα ( dṓdeka) 'twelve', and ἕδρα ( hédra) 'base, seat, face') or duodecahedron is any polyhedron with twelve flat faces. It is not to be confused with Roman dodecahedron. This article is about the three-dimensional shape. ![]() Because shapes and line segments are built with vector mask information, those mask properties will appear in addition to the other layer properties. Layer properties that are added to the layer’s existing properties include:Ī layer with a layer mask in the timeline.Ī layer with a vector mask in the timeline.Ī shape layer contains a shape (whether from one of the shape tools or the Pen tool) or a line segment. Layer properties include:Ī standard layer in the timeline with the layer properties exposed.Īdding a layer mask or vector mask to any layer will introduce additional properties specific to that mask. This is the most common (and most basic) layer in Photoshop. ![]() The standard (pixel) layer is a layer that contains pixel information. Because different layer types have different properties to animate, pay attention to which layer types are being used. Now that we have a good idea of how the animation process works in Photoshop, let’s take a closer look at the common layer types that can be animated. Photoshop automatically creates the animation in between the keyframes. Playing back the animation shows how the object on the canvas moves from one position to the next. Moving the layer automatically adds a keyframe at the current time indicator’s location in the timeline. Again, another keyframe will automatically be added to the timeline. Move the current time indicator to another point in the timeline and reposition the layer. A keyframe is automatically added to the timeline. The stopwatch icon has been selected for the “Position” property. Notice that a keyframe is automatically placed at the current time indicator. To animate a layer property, simply click the stopwatch icon, which enables keyframe animation. Each layer in the timeline has a dropdown panel that exposes the layer properties (these are the properties that can be animated). ( View large version)Īs you probably noticed from the image above, the video timeline shows a representation of layers in the Layers panel. The timeline shows the current time indicator (3) and existing keyframes (4). The video timeline panel shows a layer (1) with layer properties (2). Let’s go ahead and create a very simple animation to see how this works. The video timeline allows for keyframe animation - which is an animation process in which you define key points of animation along a timeline and Photoshop will interpret the in-between frames to create a cohesive animation. Photoshop has two timelines for you to choose from. I won’t go into any more detail on this timeline I want to focus on the video timeline. It generally works by converting the layers in your Layers panel to individual frames. The frame timeline is for frame-by-frame animation and can be very limiting. Opening the Timeline panel (“Window” → “Timeline”) allows you to select between two types of timelines: video and frame. Because the topics and techniques in this article are advanced, a moderate level of Photoshop knowledge is expected. We’ll also explore the roles that adjustment layers, filters and smart objects can have in animation (and how to combine all three for some amazing effects). We’ll look at the Timeline panel and the different properties that can be animated. In this article, I will share several advanced techniques to help you create complex animations. These additions have really upped Photoshop’s game.Įven though Photoshop is still a long way off from being able to create the high-end and cinematic animations of such programs as After Effects, it still has enough power to create complex animation - which is especially useful if you don’t want to spend time learning a new application. While animation in Photoshop is not a new concept, it definitely has come a long way in the last few years: The Timeline panel has been overhauled, video layers have been introduced, as has the ability to create keyframe animation. He’ll look at the Timeline panel and the different properties that can be animated, and explore the roles that adjustment layers, filters and smart objects can have in animation. In this article, Stephen Petrany will share advanced techniques to help you create complex animations. Even though Photoshop is still a long way off from being able to create the high-end and cinematic animations of such programs as After Effects, it still has enough power to create complex animation. |
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